1. Who created it? It is entirely important that we know that 741 B.C., like the Diaspora of 586 B.C., be a fixed year and immutable. 21 They said to Moses and Aaron, "May the Lord . . Hazor, in Canaan, falls to Joshua (Joshua 11:10) and the Israeli archaeologist, Moshe Dothan says he found two Philistine pottery sherds at Hazor, which would align the Exodus with a Philistine presence in Canaan after 1174 BC (see p. 96. Time travel in this animation through the history of the Bible. that can be said is that the latest Bronze Age occupation should, in my But I think using the narrative that a story in the Bible (Israelites were Egyptian slaves) is evidence for the validity of that story is philosophically circumlocutive (A story is true because the story says its true). With the settling down of Jacob, whom Allah had named Israel, and his twelve sons and their families in Egypt began a long story of a peoples tragedy. Exodus Evidence: An Egyptologist Looks at Biblical History, the four-room house characteristic of Israelite dwellings, A Arqueologia desprovou o Exdo? Do you want to kill me as you had killed one aforetime? the Egyptian anticipated Moses, you want to be of the tyrants in the land, then; and you dont want to be of the conciliators. There was NO confrontation with Pharaoh ( He was already dead),.There was no death of the first born of Egypt. O my mothers son, answered the courteous Prophet Aaron, absolving himself from what Moses had thought, do not pull me by head and beard! 6. Because it was during the reign of Merneptah, circa same date, that the title was adopted. My papers and other writings are referenced from my web site http://www.creationsixdays.com. Pharaoh again stubbornly persisted in disobedience. Zerubbabel, who was to be the Messiah or Signet Ring, according to Haggai and Zechariah, was the grandson of Judahs last pre-exilic king. They would have been the most famous humans on the planet yet they are phantoms in genuine history(they even vanish in the portrayal). Exodus 7:13 says, "Yet Pharaoh's heart became hard and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.". If not Ramses II (whose first son actually did die well before him), then close predecessors and successors are all pretty significant Pharaohs. You are our Protector so, forgive and bless us: You are The Best Forgiver. The Greek calendar years of 592 times our inter-calculatory fraction of the pre-Cyrus I Greek Calendar of 10 months and 305 days is about 480.05 or rounded off, 480 years. Againmaybe or maybe not. was Rathotis (a.k.a., Tutankhamen). So the returnees decided to assert themselves and eventually they established a foothold on some territory to live in. When Moses did as he was ordered, the great sensation came: his wooden stick became a grand snake and swallowed all those tools of the magicians, who, recognizing that what Moses had done could only be from a True Gods power, prostrated on the ground, and announced: We have believed in the Lord of the Existence, the Lord of Moses and Aaron. So Moses returned to his people angry and regretful. Moses said to Pharaoh: "Thus said the Lord: 'Israel is my firstborn son, so I say to you, "Let My son go that he may worship Me," yet you refuse to let him go. The Bible recounts that, as slaves, the Israelites were forced to build the store-cities of Pithom and Ramses. Is this a proto-Israelite house? built a new garrison city, which his successor, Ramses II (ca 1279 1213 B.C.E. Canaanites on the battlegrounds were often taken captive and removed to Egypt. Thats not helpful. Im sorry you invested you life in nonsense. The midrash calls the daughter of Pharaoh "Bithiah," identifying her with the woman mentioned in I Chron 4:18: "And his Judahite wife bore Jered father of Gedor, Heber father of Soco, and Jekuthiel father of Zanoah. I have done it as I were of the misguided, and I fled your land when I feared you. [4] In order to connect the revelation in v. 19 with the death of Pharaoh recorded in 2:23, the LXX repeats the information here again (Exod 4:19, LXX): After those many days, the King of Egypt died. It really doesnt bother me or diminish my faith either way. We already know factually that significant populations of semites were residing in Egypt at more or less the right time. Read Where Moses Stood for the true facts. Out of Egypt: Israels Exodus Between Text and Memory, History and Imagination. If the dates of the Egyptian dynasties are shifted, Neferhotep I emerges as a possible Pharaoh of the exodus. They argue that almost 600 years elapsed, which aligns the Exodus with the Hyksos Expulsion of the mid 16th century BC. The Jewish Historian, Flavius Josephus, circa 70 AD, wrote a paraphrased history of the Jewish People using the Bible. May you all have meaningful sedarim, and a kosher and happy Pesach. Learn how the Pyramids at Giza were built. I dare say more than belief but absolute acceptance that it is true. Find its written likeness anywhere else in human history! I read your article with interest and more particularly the parts devoted to chronology because as an assyriologist I am specialized in absolute chronology. (b) if the Hibaru of the Armana Tablet could be identified with the Hebrews and the wars fought by them in Palestine were the wars under Joshua, then the date of the Exodus was c1450B.C. But it also combines details from an invasion of Canaan and Transjordan circa 1174 BC or later. Adults with imaginary friends are dangerous. He set out with his little family during winter days, and at a certain point on the long journey, near Mount Al-Tour in Sinai, Moses thought that he had confused the right way to Egypt. Did they walk there? Assisted by - Quoted sourceThese are my personal research notes gleaned from over 50 plus years of being a bible student - assisted by the following information which . Joshua and Caleb, were there when it happened . I have heard (but not done the counting myself) that the Bible makes about 2,000 mentions of the Exodus. lol. The portrayal of MOSES as a hero speaks to the character and mentality of those who to this day deem it such..cliches and platitudes aside.. Ive been to a mainline Protestant seminary and heres my take: a much smaller group of Israelites than documented in Exodus escaped enslavement in Egypt to make it to Israel where their relative clans were already settled. The pharaoh refused to let his people go until God unleashed a series . Of course thinking something sounds plausible is really different than knowing it factually. The recent film Exodus, Gods and Kings had Ramesses the Great as the step-brother of Moses and the pharaoh of the Exodus. Why not just admit the obvious instead of trying to prove this complete fairy tale of Moses being true? Using 304 days, with no days considered in between? Did the sea roll back at his bidding? (d) I Kings 6:1 says Temple began 480 years after the Exodus. Establishing the factsplaces, people, and events over 3000 years past is thus a fairly high order undertaking. A more compelling case might be based upon landmarks and events and people which can be verified. The Exodus is remembered every year during the feast of Passover. Its fiction. In I Kings 6:1, the literal reading show us that it was 480 years from the lasaah of the children of Israel from the Land of Egypt. That is, it was the finishing moment, the end destination, the conclusion to leaving Egypt, being the end of 40 years in the wilderness, and the feet of all Israelites touching both sides of the Jordan. This is a loaded question. Or, to put it another way: Put the fear of God in the audience. The trick has worked, witness the millions of Jews, Christians and Moslems, believing in this nonsense for two millennia. This means that the Exodus would have occurred at the beginning of his reign. The Biblical tradition should be assumed as valid;i.e.that the Pharaoh of the oppression was Ramses II and that of the Exodus, his successor Merneptah. Even in Egyptian sources, the Semitic name for the Lakes of Pithom was used instead of the original Egyptian name. Furthermore, geographical Egypt as we see it today was not always united under the same ruler. Wherever it is written, God said, or an angel of the Lord said, or an instruction is given to a prophet mentioned or recorded in the Bible, that is the infallible word of God. English translations are highly accurate but, like the later added chapterization and verse numbering, I do not give the translational work of linguists divine inspiration in the sense of infallibility either (while I do believe there are King James Version only-ists who would argue vehemently otherwise.) This is what happened to Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 4:30-37. After the kingdom is hit by the ten plagues, Pharaoh Ramses II admits his release, requested by Moses. What is that Lord of the existence? I believe in the inerrancy of the original manuscripts and, as well, that God does indeed preserve His word from generation to generation. To claim anything other is to literally stand with ones nose against the trunk of a tree and then claim to comprehend the forest of which it is only a small part. Is this a miracle? Yet if you go with Israel Finkelsteins anlaysis, top Israeli archaeologist, the Hebrews really emerged by a socio-religious fusion from the Canaanites. And using Josephus with a new understanding that he applies this same 10 month calendar prior to Cyrus I, and knowing how to properly date the Bible by taking its annual reckonings literally, we will see the Bible reckon the actual Exodus date as 1551 B.C., vetted by Josephus and by the Greeks as cited by Early Christian Church writers. ); cf. In this example, Pharaoh's heart is becoming hard on its own apart from any act on the part of God. His first born son was Thutmose who died as the first born son during the Exodus or he was Moses and he left rather than died. The word ". By that time Pharaoh Thutmose III had died and his son Amenhotep II assumed the throne. Before the meeting was broken up, Moses and the Pharaoh agreed on the time for the contest with the Pharaohs magicians, and the chosen time was the forenoon of the Day of Embellishment a day of a gorgeous public festival of ancient Egypt. Future akeologists are likely to get digging in old internet files. After the expulsion of the Hyksos and Israelites from Avaris the Israelites became the Shasu-YHW (wanderers of YHW) in the Trans Jordan for 300 years 1535-1235. what happened in the end of submergence; madden 23 franchise deep dive; Sign Up. - The attack on the biblical record because of a lack of solid evidence for the Exodus and conquest in the 1200s is unwarranted. During their excavations, the University of Chicago uncovered a house and part of another house belonging to the workers who were given the task of demolishing the temple. Just finishing Velikovskys Ages in Chaos, had never heard of him until last month has there been any serious refutation of the solid reasoning behind his work? Ramses II became king as a teenager and reigned for 67 years. His cartouche exists in the southern Sinai at the Egyptian shrine dedicated to the cow-goddess Hat-Hor, who gave birth at day break to the sun as a Golden Calf, that became a mature bull at sunset to impregnate his mother Hat-Hor, the sky-goddess in bovine form. Ok then find a single piece of evidence that shows a 2 million strong population making its way around the Sinaiits been thousands of years, still waiting. The welfare of the livestock of the tribes was paramount. The biblical story of the Israelites' Descent and Exodus speaks about important events that took place in Egypt, so we should expect to find records of these events in Egyptian sources - the seven years of famine predicted by Joseph, the arrival of his father Jacob with his Hebrew family from Canaan, the great plagues of Moses, the death of Egypt's first born, including the Pharaoh's . The instructions MOSES is portrayed as giving just before his fabled death reveals much. He absconded and traveled east, with no vision to guide him as to where to go. Youve been told you know, now move on. The Egyptians had a firm hold over the Israeli citizens, and resistance was impossible. He was afflicted with leprosy, and his magicians recommended that he bathe in the blood of Jewish children. For clarity? Set up by Pharaoh Merneptah to commemorate his military victories, the stele proclaims, Ashkelon is carried off, and Gezer is captured. And saying that Israelites were working on construction projects at Pi Ramses only adds to my distress. Amenhotep II would have been a Pharaoh in the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. Persephone, Demeter, and Hades; Sukkot, are specific examples, of the purpose of the calendar. The name Pi-Ramesse went out of use by the beginning of Egypts Third Intermediate Period, which began around 1085 B.C.E., and does not reappear until much later. The river was not less kind with the baby than his mother, though it moored the sarcophagus at the very shores where the Pharaohs palace stood. The Bible confirms that the Israelites were to build supply cities, Pithom and Ramses, for Pharaoh. Egyptian records confirm that the kings of the 19th dynasty (ca 12931185 B.C.E.) But the plagues lasted for a long period, becoming unbearable, and so they asked Moses: Pray to your Lord God on our behalf to turn away from us His afflictions; if you do, we shall believe in Allah, and shall send the Children of Israel with you. Nevertheless, when We turned the plagues away from them, they abjured their allegiance to Us. The inevitable sequence of the Pharaohs wrong deeds was nearing, and the Children of Israel, acting on Moses commands, had long prepared for the Exodus and were waiting for Allahs Order. For the exodus-pharaoh, the worst part of God's prediction of judgment was that his own firstborn son would die. It equates to Adam being created in Oct,3760 BCE (thus 2018 CE 3760 BCE being the present date 5778). It was a mortal blow, and at once Moses repented of his wrong deed and asked Allahs Pardon. There was a cooler time 1159-1140 BC. In Antiquities of the Jews, 20.10.1, in discussing the lineage of the high priests from Moses to the A.D. 70 destruction of Jerusalem; Josephus gives a similar length of time (612 short years). To avoid having their first-born son killed, people were told to place the blood of a lamb on their doorstep. The Order of Allah included that if they did that and entered the gates of the town prostrated and submitted to their God and asked Him His Forgiveness, Allah would forgive their sins and He would bestow additional favours upon the benevolent of them. Although The Bible confidently dates the Israelite Exodus from Egypt at around 1440 BCE, there are . Therefore, by reckoning Greek history from fixed dates, we find that Homer died in his 71st or 72nd year of life. The notion that the Land had rest, may imply the East Bank lands of 2 1/2 tribes enjoyed the Shabbat, as did any lands the Hebrews immediately conquered. Complete fabrication seems highly unlikely as a whole cloth fiction serves no historical function in culture. Is the Biblical Exodus fact or fiction? Jews were free to come and go as they pleased and any exodus represented a net loss of the Jewish population as they left in small groups to assimilate with the Canaanites. Fact or fiction? referred to as Pharaoh? The temple was first built by Aya in the 14th-century B.C.E., but Horemheb usurped and expanded the temple when he became pharaoh. He is the Lord of the East and the West and what is in between. I suggest readers check out the documentary Patterns of Evidence: Exodus for a better understanding of that, and to see the compelling evidence for the historicity of the Exodus account. I once researched a paper on the influence of Akhenatons monotheism on the Exodus. Their Chancellor, Bay, one of the three leaders of Egypt at the time with Ramesses Siptah and Twosret, had likely died. Watch full-length lectures from the Out of Egypt: Israels Exodus Between Text and Memory, History and Imagination conference, which addressed some of the most challenging issues in Exodus scholarship. ), which points to Amenhotep III and Akhenaten. )the Temple of Aya and Horemheb was demolished. a) From the capture of Troy to the descent (or expedition) of the Heraclidae: are 80 [10-month] years, b) From the Heraclidae to the founding of Ionia: are 60 [10-month] years, c) From the Heraclidae to the protectorate of Lycurgus: are 159 [10-month] years, d) From the protectorate of Lycurgus to the First Olympiad: are 108 [10-month] years, First Assumption - Actual Testimony. If Amenhotep II was the Pharaoh of the Exodus according to the above correlations, and he died at that time, then we should identify him as Amenhotep IIA and connect him with the Elephantine and Amada stelae of Year 3. God never brought to Jerusalem, all the kings of the earth, client kings of the Persian Empire, to attack the city. This is a veiled reference to the Persian Empire. This BAR article is a free abstract from Manfred Bietaks article On the Historicity of the Exodus: What Egyptology Today Can Contribute to Assessing the Biblical Account of the Sojourn in Egypt in Thomas E. Levy, Thomas Schneider and William H.C. Propp, eds., Israels Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective: Text, Archaeology, Culture and Geoscience (Cham: Springer, 2015). When superstition , fear and ignorance are the basis for a cultures ideology they will be easily led to commit atrocities. To even pose such a question, leads anyone of an scholarly integrity to ignore the publication. Moses and the Exodus - "Let My People Go". Unlike the pharaoh who knew Joseph, the pharaoh of Moses is cruel and vindictive. A history of enslavement is likely to be true. He was very proud of his foolishness, and was an anti-intellectual. The Hyksos were also related to the Anakims (Numbers 13:33) or Nephilims. 1005 B.C. The descent of Heraclidae 957 B.C. Was Ahmoses I recast as Moses? Her son, Horus, also is centuries later remembered by the Greeks, and thought of as a deity: Apollo. Not only is the Exodus a dead issue, the enslavement, sojourn and military conquest of Canaan are also dead issues. In my equinox year chronology Solomon is around 850 BC, then assuming that 40 years is a generation which is around 25 years: Taken after the percentage of what a 10-month year is to a 12-month year, we then calculate 90 years times that fraction to achieve a death of Homer in 814 B.C. Moses knew the route well having only recently returned to Goshen from Midian.. So an entire religion is based on a dude saving a large village from Egypt??? The Pharaoh was dazed by these, and he had soon the inspiration to command a consultation with his viziers, who, thinking that Moses was a magician, advised their king to sent messengers of him throughout the width and breadth of the land to call for the most skilful magicians. Since Scripture is inerrant, I must therefore view the Scripture in the chronology it makes available for me to interpret from, using the information that it provides. Photo: Maryl Levine. They noted the appearance of the following names: (1) Philistines, (2) Rameses, (3) Pithom, (4) Edom, (5) Seir, (6) Arad, (7) Heshbon, (8) Bozrah, (9) Ai, (10) Hazor. The esteem in which the Egyptians had held the Children of Israel was thus accrued from the interpretation of a vision seen by the King, and all this was changed, ironically enough, as a result of the interpretation of another vision seen some centuries later by another Egyptian monarch. This begs the question of whether the life of Moses and the life of Amenhotep II line up . When Moses completed the appointed time of his Lord, he said to his brother Aaron be my successor in command of my folk; conciliate between them, and do not follow the way of the corrupters, and then departed for the promised appointment. One of the most significant clues about the timing of the Exodus is found in the Bible itself. This suggests an Exodus after 1174 BC as the PLST were not in Canaan before that date and Israel feared the Philistines on her departure from Rameses in Egypt. And it is not a favor that you have enslaved the Children of Israel. Biblical Archaeology has yet to come to its literary history senses, and is filled with such political correctness nonsense of rear end kissing atheism, that it has no clue as to what the historical facts are or how to again and again come to a same right conclusion. New AI may pass the famed Turing test. Josephus AoJ 5.5.1-2 Israel subdued by Sisera to Jabins control, 20 years. workers house uncovered in western Thebes. Laterduring the reign of Ramses IV (12th century B.C.E. 2. raditionally, the first Olympiad is thought to have occurred around 776 B.C. Unless subsequent scribes had decided to change the words. to 46 B.C., the average Macedonian / Greek year appears to have become tabulated on average of 375 days long: being 360 days 1 year, then 390 the next. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exodus The miracles and inflated numbers were to tie the Judahites to the State and to the family God YHW at a time when the very survival of the Judahites was in doubt due to the aggression of the Assyrians, Egyptians and later the Babylonians. Go until God unleashed a series of semites were residing in Egypt at the time with Ramesses Siptah and,! 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